Why do cooling towers have a hyperbolic shape?

Water cooling towers are a common sight while drivingthrough the country side. Most industrial plants and factories have them. Nomatter how much we try to ignore them, the enormity of the structures isoverwhelming. Most cooling towersare made in a specific cylindrical shape; their base is wide, narrow in themiddle and becomes broad again at the top. This shape is called hyperboloid.
A power plant comprises of many components, but cooling towers are the most important. The function of cooling towers is to release excess heat or waste heat to the atmosphere by cooling down hot fluid to a lower temperature.

There are two types of cooling towers. One is the hotcooling tower, and the other is the watercooling tower.A cooling tower has a hyperbolic shape mainly because:
· The moist and warm air has less density when compared to the cool air outside in the atmosphere, where the pressure is same.
· In some cases where the load is more or where cooling has to be done faster, large and powerful fans with motors and water from rivers and oceans are used to create this "Draft".

There is a common misconception that the shape of the tower aids cooling. Earlier, the shape of the cooling tower was usually long and cylindrical in shape. As the demand for the towers increased, the towers became larger. Hyperbolic shaped towers are more stable and strong when compared to tall cylindrical towers. The amount of material used in construction is also less when compared to tall towers.


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